California Agriculture, September 1960

Volume 14, Number 9
Parasite of pea aphid imported from India

research articles

Relationships of agricultural burning and air pollution studied in preliminary experiments
by John J. Mcelroy
pp3-4, doi#10.3733/ca.v014n09p3
Abstract
Abstract Not Available – First paragraph follows: Air pollution—smog—causes California farmers, principally growers of flowers and vegetables, a total annual loss of approximately eight million dollars in returns from crops rendered unsalable by smog.
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Automation in cleaning food processing plant equipment
by Walter G. Jennings
pp4, doi#10.3733/ca.v014n09p4
Abstract
Abstract Not Available – First paragraph follows: Circulation cleaning of food processing equipment—by pumping detergent through it—has been adopted so rapidly in food plant operations that knowledge of basic principles has not kept pace with usage. A research program evaluating : the variables in the cleaning process used films of milk labeled with a radioactive tracer, to simulate the soil to be washed from the equipment.
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Imported Indian Parasite of Pea Aphid established in California
by Kenneth S. Hagen , Evert I. Schlinger
pp5-6, doi#10.3733/ca.v014n09p5
Abstract
Abstract Not Available – First paragraph follows: The pea aphid—Macrosiphum pisi (Kaltenbach)—frequently causes great damage to the spring alfalfa crop in southern California.
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Effectiveness of integrated control programs against pests on agricultural crops
by Vernon M. Stern , Ray F. Smith , Robert Van den Bosch , Kenneth S. Hagen
pp7-8, doi#10.3733/ca.v014n09p7
Abstract
Abstract Not Available – First paragraph follows: Integrated pest control programs combine and integrate natural control factors and chemical treatments. Chemical control is used when necessary but in a manner planned to be the least disruptive to control by predators, parasites, and diseases attacking pests of agricultural crops.
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Root rot resistance in common beans sought in plant breeding program
by Francis L. Smith , Byron R. Houston
pp8, doi#10.3733/ca.v014n09p8a
Abstract
Abstract Not Available – First paragraph follows: More than 1,200 introductions and commercial bean varieties were tested by inoculation with cultures of the two most prevalent organisms causing root rot in California. Only seven showed some tolerance to the Fusarium fungus, and none to the Rhizoctonia. These seven were crossed with ten commercial bean varieties in most of the 70 possible combinations. Each plant was, graded on severity score of 0-4, and the average scores were used for evaluation. None of the first-generation plants showed resistance. Second-generation plants were tested from 60 of the 70 combinations. These tests indicated that hybrids from three of the resistant lines gave very few plants with low disease scores. Second-generation plants of hybrids from the other four accessions had 16%-19% resistant plants, or a ratio of 13 susceptible to three resistant. These results could be explained by assuming that resistance is due to two independent genes, one dominant and the other recessive. To test this hypothesis, four third-generation combinations were tested. To confirm the assumption, only 1/16 of the third-generation progenies would have disease scores as low as the resistant parent, and 2/16 would segregate three resistant to one susceptible and would have relatively low average scores.
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Investigations show azalea root rot can be controlled by soil treatment
by D. E. Munnecke , P. A. Chandler , J. L. Bivins
pp9-10, doi#10.3733/ca.v014n09p9
Abstract
Abstract Not Available – First paragraph follows: Azalea root rot frequently causes serious plant losses, especially during prolonged cold, wet weather.
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Study of wines by controlled fermentations in specially designed equipment
by C. S. Ough , M. A. Amerine
pp10, doi#10.3733/ca.v014n09p10a
Abstract
Abstract Not Available – First paragraph follows: Controlled fermentations in wine are under study using special equipment designed to control the temperature, pressure, type and rate of gas or gases sparged into fermenters, and rate and duration of stirring or pumping-over, and allow the submerging of red grape skins for color extraction. For critical work with various yeasts, the equipment can be sterilized under steam pressure. Control instruments record gas flows, pressures, temperatures, and carbon dioxide and oxygen content of gases. Two of these fully controlled fermenters of 25-gallon capacity have been in use for several years. Ten smaller units, each of 7-gallon capacity, are being assembled and will be fully equipped and available to enlarge the area of study within a few years.
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Shade area requirements for beef feed lots in the Imperial Valley
by C. F. Kelly , T. E. Bond , W. N. Garrett
pp11-12, doi#10.3733/ca.v014n09p11
Abstract
Abstract Not Available – First paragraph follows: One-fourth of all of California's feed-lot cattle are in the Imperial Valley—a seemingly unfavorable environment for livestock production in the summer months. From June through September, daily temperatures average about 90° F., and frequently do not go below 80° F. Air temperatures above the animal's body temperatures may prevail for as long as eight or nine hours every day; and, because of the southern latitude and almost cloudless skies, the solar radiation is intense. But by good management practices involving corrals open to breezes, drinking water as cool as possible, proper rations, and well-designed shades, the Valley feeder has been able to obtain efficient gains.
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Pelleted hay mixture enables dairy cattle to give more milk with less butterfat
by Robert D. Appleman , Donald G. Addis
pp12-13, doi#10.3733/ca.v014n09p12
Abstract
Abstract Not Available – First paragraph follows: Dairy cows receiving an all-pellet ration produced slightly more milk but with significantly lower butterfat than did cows eating similar amounts of long hay and concentrates. Butterfat tests were reduced by 0.1% to 0.3%.
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editorial, news, letters & science briefs

Rootstock breeding for new grape varieties
by L. A. Lider
pp8, doi#10.3733/ca.v014n09p8b
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Study on mosquito flight
by Richard M. Bohart
pp10, doi#10.3733/ca.v014n09p10b
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Perplexing problem of PEACH TREE REPLANTS
by A. E. Gilmore
pp14, doi#10.3733/ca.v014n09p14a
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The manufacturing of fats in plants
by Paul K. Stumpf
pp14, doi#10.3733/ca.v014n09p14b
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Disease resistance in peppers
by P. G. Smith
pp14, doi#10.3733/ca.v014n09p14c
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Effects of sodium in water on infiltration rates
by L. D. Doneen
pp14, doi#10.3733/ca.v014n09p14d
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Proper depths for drainage tile
by James N. Luthin
pp14, doi#10.3733/ca.v014n09p14e
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Water interaction with plant carbohydrates
by D. H. Volman
pp14-15, doi#10.3733/ca.v014n09p14f
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Microscopic mites on bees
by J. E. Eckert
pp15, doi#10.3733/ca.v014n09p15a
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Sunlight intensity tests on ornamentals
by R. W. Harris
pp15, doi#10.3733/ca.v014n09p15b
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Modified atmospheres: For vegetables after harvest
by L. Rappaport , L. L. Morris
pp15, doi#10.3733/ca.v014n09p15c
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Size relations of canning peaches
by Luther D. Davis
pp15, doi#10.3733/ca.v014n09p15d
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Study on control of fruit ripening
by Harlan K. Pratt
pp15, doi#10.3733/ca.v014n09p15e
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Reduction of impurities in distillation of brandy
by James F. Guymon
pp15-16, doi#10.3733/ca.v014n09p15f
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Improved strain of honeybees
by Harry H. Laidlaw
pp16, doi#10.3733/ca.v014n09p16
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General Information

Industry controls in plum marketing have affected fruit quality
by Jerry Foytik
pp2, doi#10.3733/ca.v014n09p2
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